Dhaawaca shucaaca budada graphite waxay saameyn adag ku leedahay waxqabadka farsamada iyo dhaqaalaha ee reactor, gaar ahaan sariirta dhagaxa ah ee heerkulka sare ee gaaska qaboojiyay. Habka dhexdhexaadinta neutronku waa kala firdhisanaanta laastikada ee neutrons iyo atamka walxaha dhexdhexaadinta, tamarta ay qaadaanna waxaa loo wareejiyaa atamka walxaha dhexdhexaadinta. Budada Graphite sidoo kale waa musharax rajo leh oo loogu talagalay walxaha plasma-oriented ee reactors fusion nukliyeer. Tifaftirayaasha soo socda ee Fu Ruite waxay soo bandhigayaan codsiga budada garaafka ee tijaabooyinka nukliyeerka:
Kordhinta shucaaca neutron-ka, budada graphite marka hore way yaraataa, ka dib marka la gaaro qiimo yar, hoos u dhaca ayaa hoos u dhacaya, wuxuu ku soo noqdaa cabbirkii asalka ahaa, ka dibna si degdeg ah ayuu u fidayaa. Si si wax ku ool ah looga faa'iidaysto neutron-yada lagu sii daayo fission, waa in la dhimo. Tilmaamaha kulaylka ee budada graphite waxaa lagu helaa baaritaanka shucaaca, iyo xaaladaha tijaabada shucaaca waa inay la mid noqdaan xaaladaha shaqada dhabta ah ee reactor. Cabbiraadda kale ee lagu wanaajinayo ka faa'iidaysiga neutrons waa in la isticmaalo walxo milicsi si ay u muujiso neutron-yada ka soo daadanaya aagga fal-celinta falcelinta nukliyeerka-core dhabarka. Habka milicsiga neutron sidoo kale waa kala firdhiso laastikada ah ee neutrons iyo atamka ee alaabta milicsiga. Si loo xakameeyo khasaaraha ka dhashay wasakhda ilaa heerka la ogolyahay, budada garaafka ee loo isticmaalo reactor waa in ay ahaato mid saafi ah.
Budada garaafiga nukliyeerka waa laan ka mid ah qalabka budada garaafka ah ee loo sameeyay si looga jawaabo baahiyaha dhisitaanka reactors nukliyeerka horraantii 1940-yadii. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa dhexdhexaadiyaha, milicsiga iyo qalabka dhismaha ee reactors-soo-saarka, reactors-qaboojiye gaas iyo reactors heerkulka sare gaaska qaboojiyey. Suurtagalnimada in neutron-ku uu la falgalo xudunta waxaa loo yaqaannaa qaybta isku-tallaabta, iyo neutron-ka kulaylka (celceliska tamarta 0.025eV) qaybta fission-ka ee U-235 waa laba darajo oo ka sarreeya neutron-ka fission (celceliska tamarta 2eV) qaybta fission . Unugyada laastikada, xoogga iyo isku dhafka fidinta tooska ah ee budada graphite waxay kordhisaa kororka faleebada neutron-ka, waxay gaaraan qiime weyn, ka dibna si degdeg ah u yaraada. Horraantii 1940-meeyadii, kaliya budada graphite ayaa lagu heli karaa qiimo jaban oo u dhow nadiifintan, taas oo ah sababta reactor kasta iyo reactors-soo-saarka xiga ay u isticmaaleen budada graphite wax dhexdhexaadin ah, iyaga oo keenay da'da nukliyeerka.
Furaha samaynta budada garaafyada isotropic waa in la isticmaalo qaybaha kookaha leh isotropy wanaagsan: coke isotropic ama macro-isotropic coke sare oo laga sameeyay coke anisotropic, iyo tignoolajiyada kookaha sare ayaa guud ahaan loo isticmaalaa hadda. Baaxadda waxyeellada shucaaca waxay la xiriirtaa alaabta ceeriin ee budada graphite, habka wax soo saarka, faleebo neutron oo degdeg ah iyo heerka faseexnimada, heerkulka shucaaca iyo arrimo kale. boron u dhigma budada garaafiga nukliyeerka waxaa looga baahan yahay inuu ahaado agagaarka 10 ~ 6.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-18-2022